The Knight Institute, the ACLU, and the Media Freedom and Information Access Clinic at Yale Law School argued in two separate proceedings that the public has a right of access to significant legal opinions of law issued by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court.

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, or FISC, hears applications from the U.S. government to conduct both targeted and sweeping forms of foreign-intelligence surveillance. Although the court issues legal opinions with far-reaching implications for the privacy of U.S. persons and of others around the world, the court operates behind closed doors and presumptively keeps its legal opinions secret. Through motions filed in 2013 and 2016, the Knight Institute and its co-counsel argued that the First Amendment requires the court to make its legal opinions public, with only those redactions necessary to serve compelling government interests.

On November 19, 2020, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review held that it did not have jurisdiction to consider the constitutional claim that the Knight Institute and its co-counsel had raised. On April 19, 2021, the Knight Institute and its co-counsel—joined by former Solicitor General Theodore B. Olson—petitioned the Supreme Court for review.

Status: On November 1, 2021, the Supreme Court denied the petition for a writ of certiorari over the dissent of Justices Gorsuch and Sotomayor.

Case Information: In re Ops. & Orders of this Court Addressing Bulk Collection of Data Under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, Misc. No. 13-08 (F.I.S.C.), No. 20-01 (F.I.S.C. Rev.); In re Certification of Questions of Law to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review, No. 18-01 (F.I.S.C. Rev.); In re Ops. & Orders of this Court Containing Novel or Significant Interpretations of Law, Misc. No. 16-01 (F.I.S.C.), No. 20-02 (F.I.S.C. Rev.), American Civil Liberties Union v. United States, No. 20-1499 (Supreme Court).