Amicus Brief
The Associated Press v. Budowich
A case challenging The Associated Press’ exclusion from the White House press pool.
On March 5, 2025, the Knight Institute filed an amicus brief in The Associated Press v. Budowich, a case challenging the exclusion of The Associated Press from the White House press pool. The White House banned the AP from White House and Air Force One briefings because of the news organization’s decision to refer to the Gulf of Mexico by its historical name rather than the “Gulf of America.”
The Knight Institute’s brief argues that the White House’s decision to ban the AP from participating in the press pool violates the First Amendment because it is a viewpoint-based exclusion from a limited public forum. The brief further argues that the ban will chill speech by other members of the White House press pool.
Status: On April 8, 2025, the D.C. District Court granted the plaintiff's motion for a preliminary injunction. The government appealed the decision on April 9, 2025.
Case Information: The Associated Press v. Budowich, No. 1:25-cv-00532 (D.D.C.), No. 25-5109 (D.C. Cir.).
Press Statements
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Knight Institute Urges Court to Restore AP to White House Press Pool
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Court Decision to Uphold AP Ban from White House Press Pool Undermines Press Freedom, Knight Institute Says
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Court Says White House Can’t Exclude AP From Press Pool Based on Viewpoint
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Knight Institute, Scholars Say Legal History Supports AP’s First Amendment Arguments in White House Press Pool Case
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Knight Institute Urges Court to Restore AP to White House Press Pool
Analysis
Legal Filings
Click to highlight response chains
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D.C. Cir.
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Knight Institute's Amicus Brief (in support of Plaintiff)
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First Amendment Scholars' Amicus Brief (in support of Plaintiff)
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Plaintiff's Response
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Government's Opening Brief
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Order (denying plaintiff's emergency petition for rehearing en banc)
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Opinion
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Plaintiff's Response
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Government's Letter (requesting extension of stay)
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Plaintiff's Response
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Plaintiff's Notice of Errata
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Government's Motion to Stay
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D.D.C.
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Order (denying plaintiff's motion to enforce)
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Government's Opposition
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Third Declaration of Taylor Budowich
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Plaintiff's Motion to Enforce
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Exhibit A
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Exhibit B
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Exhibit C
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Exhibit D
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Declaration of Chris Megerian
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Order (denying stay pending appeal)
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Plaintiff's Opposition
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Government's Motion to Stay (pending appeal)
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Government's Notice of Appeal
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Order (granting preliminary injunction)
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Order to Stay (through 4/13/25)
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First Amendment Scholars' Amicus Brief in support of Plaintiff
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Plaintiff's Reply
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Government's Opposition
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Knight Institute's Amicus Brief in support of Plaintiff
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Plaintiff's Amended Motion for a Preliminary Injunction
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Amended Complaint
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